Abstract: Objective To study the variation characteristics of gut microbiota of laboratory cats of different breeds and sexes by high-throughput sequencing of 16 S rDNA. Method A total of 21 laboratory cats were grouped according to the breed and sex of the laboratory cats, grouped by breed ( ordinary group = 12, breed group = 9) , grouped by sex (male group = 9, female group = 12) . Fecal samples of cats were taken, DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and differential analysis of bacterial community structure and diversity by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA. Result The dominant bacteria at the phylum in the experiment were Firmicutes, Bacteroides, and Actinobacteria ( the sum of the relative abundances was more than 96%) . The relatively abundant flora at the genus are Streptococcus、 Enterococcus、Olsenella、 Prevotella _ 9、 Bifidobacterium and Collinsella. Sex can have an effect on the composition of the gut microbiota of laboratory cats, and there are statistically different abundances between male and female cats. Compared with female cats, Prevotella _ 9, Faecalibacterium and Terrisporobacter increased in the intestines of male cats ( t test, P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusion The basic characteristics of composition and abundance of the gut microbiota of laboratory cats are analyzed by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing, and the effects of sex and breed on the species composition of the gut microbiota of laboratory cats are described.

Key words: 16S high-throughput sequencing, gut microbiota, laboratory cat

摘要： 目的 通过 16S rDNA 高通量测序研究不同品种和不同性别实验用猫肠道菌群的变化特征。 方法 选取实验用猫 21 只,根据实验用猫的品种和性别进行分组,按品种分组( 普通组 = 12 只、品种组 = 9 只) ,按性别分组( 雄性组 = 9 只、雌性组 = 12 只) 。 采取猫的粪便样本,提取 DNA,PCR 扩增,利用通过 16S rDNA 高通量测序进行菌群结构及多样性的差异分析。 结果 实验用猫门水平的优势菌为厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门( 相对丰度之和大于96%) 。 属水平相对丰度水平较高的菌群为链球菌属、肠球菌属、欧鲁森氏菌属、普雷沃氏菌属、双歧杆菌属和柯林斯菌属。 性别可对实验用猫肠道菌群的构成产生影响,且雄性猫和雌性猫之间存在丰度有统计学差异的菌种。 相较于雌性猫,普雷沃氏菌属、柔嫩梭菌属和土孢杆菌属在雄性猫的肠道中的相对丰度增加 ( t 检验,P < 0. 05) 。结论 利用 16S rDNA 高通量测序分析了实验用猫的肠道菌群的组成、丰度等基本特点,并阐述了性别及品种对实验用猫肠道菌群物种组成的影响。

关键词: 16 S rDNA 高通量测序, 肠道菌群, 实验用猫